Are you plagued with fatigue or exhaustion throughout the day? It could be the result of an iron deficiency. 

Iron is an essential mineral that helps red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the organs and tissues. This is important because every cell in the body needs oxygen to function properly.

However, certain circumstances, such as blood loss, an unhealthy diet, or poor iron absorption, can cause iron levels to drop too low, creating a deficiency. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the United States and the leading cause of anemia.

Though most people don’t know they are iron deficient until they have a blood test, there are a few symptoms to look out for.

1. Fatigue. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of iron deficiency, but it can be easy to overlook. 

If you have been extremely fatigued for more than a month and feel weak, irritable or unable to focus, you may need to consult your doctor.

2. Feeling cold. Cold hands and feet can be a result of iron deficiency anemia. People with anemia have poor blood circulation throughout their bodies because they don’t have enough red blood cells to provide oxygen to their tissues. 

3. Chewing ice.  Another symptom of iron deficiency is an intense craving for ice. This condition, called pagophagia, is a form of pica—an eating disorder that causes people to eat substances that have no nutritional value.

People with pagophagia eat several cups or pounds of ice every day.

One study published in the journal Medical Hypotheses suggests that eating ice may boost the energy of those suffering from an iron deficiency.

4. Restless legs symptoms. Some people suffering from iron deficiency experience restless legs syndrome, a neurological disorder that causes an irresistible urge to move their legs. It can also cause sharp pain, numbness and tingling in the legs.

5. Eating dirt. A severe iron deficiency can cause people to crave or eat dirt, another form of pica. This symptom is often seen in the South or among pregnant women.

Treating an iron deficiency

If you are suffering from an iron deficiency, there are several methods of treatment. Your doctor may recommend:

• Eating more iron-rich foods. Foods associated with an iron-rich content would be red meats, dark leafy greens, pistachios and beans, especially for vegetarians.
• Taking iron supplements. Iron supplements provide your body with the recommended daily intake of iron, but they can also cause unwelcome side effects, like constipation. 
• Getting iron transfusions. Doctors recommend iron, or heme, transfusions for people who may have had colon surgery or have a hard time absorbing iron.

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